Chemical Composition: ICP-MS/AAA data from sample, Mixed Copper Alloy:
Cu, 65.72; Sn, 8.42; Pb, 6.84; Zn, 16.82; Fe, 0.7; Ni, 0.22; Ag, 0.23; Sb, 0.59; As, 0.45; Bi, less than 0.025; Co, 0.009; Au, less than 0.01; Cd, less than 0.001
J. Riederer
Chemical Composition: XRF data from Artax 1
Alloy: Mixed Copper Alloy
Alloying Elements: copper, tin, lead, zinc
Other Elements: iron, nickel, silver, antimony, arsenic
K. Eremin, January 2014
Chemical Composition: EMP analysis from sample, Mixed Copper Alloy:
Cu, 84.33; Sn, 3.48; Pb, 0.11; Zn, 9.37; Fe, 0.77; Ni, 0.23; Ag, 0.08; Sb, 0.10; As, 0.12
T. Richardson, June 1999
Technical Observations: The thin green patina lies over a very rough, etched surface. The object is stable.
The whetstone handle was cast as two halves and then joined together; a seam line is visible along the neck. Orange fluorescence was observed on more than half the surface under ultraviolet light. A sample of the surface was analyzed with FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy). Atacamite, clay (earth), Prussian blue, indigo, and linseed oil were identified, indicating that the object has a modern pigmented layer. The method of construction and the superficial, probably modern patina point to modern manufacture.
Tracy Richardson and Henry Lie (submitted 1999, updated 2012)