Chemical Composition: ICP-MS/AAA data from sample, Bronze:
Cu, 90.35; Sn, 8.97; Pb, 0.2; Zn, 0.004; Fe, 0.11; Ni, 0.13; Ag, 0.02; Sb, less than 0.05; As, 0.15; Bi, less than 0.025; Co, 0.065; Au, less than 0.01; Cd, less than 0.001
J. Riederer
Chemical Composition: XRF data from Artax 1
Alloy: Bronze
Alloying Elements: copper, tin
Other Elements: lead, iron, nickel, arsenic
K. Eremin, January 2014
Chemical Composition: EMP analysis from sample, Bronze:
Cu, 92.19; Sn, 5.52; Pb, 0.02; Zn, 0.00; Fe, 0.08; Ni, 0.11; Ag, 0.01; Sb, 0.02; As, 0.18
T. Richardson, June 1999
Technical Observations: The patina is red with areas of green and brown burial accretions. The surface is reasonably well preserved. Minor casting flaws are visible on the back of the neck. The dendritic structure of the cast has been etched through corrosion and is visible on the surface of the object with a microscope.
The soft, freely formed shapes point to a directly formed wax model for the bronze. The hollow section extends only to the neck and was designed to accept the whetstone, which was secured with a pin through holes near the opening. The edges of the slightly irregular holes are rounded and soft and appear to have been made in the wax model rather than drilled in the metal. There is evidence of cold working in the eyes, but most details appear to have been created in the wax model.
Tracy Richardson and Henry Lie (submitted 1999, updated 2012)
