Chemical Composition: ICP-MS/AAA data from sample, Bronze:
Cu, 75.56; Sn, 22.24; Pb, 0.38; Zn, 0.04; Fe, 0.19; Ni, 0.04; Ag, 0.03; Sb, 0.46; As, 1.06; Bi, less than 0.025; Co, less than 0.01; Au, less than 0.01; Cd, less than 0.001
J. Riederer
Chemical Composition: XRF data from Tracer
Alloy: Bronze
Alloying Elements: copper, tin
Other Elements: lead, iron, arsenic
K. Eremin, January 2014
Technical Observations: The object is a solid, lost-wax cast. A 3.5-cm portion of the flat section was broken off prior to burial and is lost. There are numerous scratch and scrape marks related to modern cleaning. The hole at the top of the column appears to have been made in the wax model, possibly for a string or other attachment. It is possible that the model was cast, making the technique indirect lost wax. The 1.3-cm hollow at the flat end is unfinished and shows what appears to be a wax drip mark. The animal form could have been formed or cast separately in wax and the two portions joined to complete the wax model, but there is no evidence to suggest such a join. The regularity of the cone and disc shape may relate to a turning process used in making an earlier original model. No evidence of turning is present on this casting. The patina is green with areas of blue and red.
Tony Sigel and Henry Lie (submitted 1999, updated 2005)